Mechanical properties are a fundamental aspect of engineering materials that play a critical role in determining their suitability for specific applications. Mechanical properties refer to the physical characteristics of materials that describe how they respond to external forces, such as tension, compression, bending, or twisting. These properties include strength, hardness, ductility, toughness, and fatigue, among others.
Understanding these properties is essential for engineers, technologists, designers, and materials scientists to select appropriate materials for different applications and to design structures and components that can withstand specific loads and environments. In this context, mechanical testing is a crucial tool for evaluating the mechanical properties of materials, and it involves subjecting materials to different types of stresses and measuring their response. This article will provide an overview of the most common mechanical properties of materials and their importance in engineering applications.