Climb milling and conventional milling are two common cutting strategies used in milling operations. In climb milling, the cutting tool rotates in the same direction as the workpiece travels, while in conventional milling, the cutting tool rotates opposite to the direction of the workpiece travel. The main advantage of climb milling is that it produces a cleaner surface finish and reduces the chance of workpiece chatter, as the tool bites into the workpiece starting with a thicker engagement. However, climb milling can be more challenging to control and may result in higher cutting forces, which can cause the workpiece to move or lift or shift into the tool. In contrast, conventional milling is less prone to workpiece movement and is easier to control, but it can produce a rougher surface finish and may cause workpiece chatter. The choice between climb milling and conventional milling depends on the specific machining application, the robustness of the machine, and the desired surface finish.
On machines with rigid motion control, climb milling is considered preferable. However, on machine with less rigid setups, climb milling can be especially problematic. The motion of the cutter can force the workpiece ahead faster than the machine feed rate. This can cause tool breakage and other undesirable outcomes.
Climb milling is sometimes referred to as thick-to-thin milling or down milling.
Conventional milling is sometimes referred to as thin-to-thick milling or up milling.
