Spirit varnishes are a category of finishes that are dissolved in alcohol, commonly ethyl or denatured alcohol, to create a liquid solution for application. The term “spirit” refers to the alcohol solvent used in these varnishes. These finishes are known for their quick drying time, ease of application, and versatility. Spirit varnishes include traditional options like shellac, which is derived from the resin secreted by the lac bug. While they may not be as durable as some synthetic varnishes, spirit varnishes are valued for their ability to enhance the natural color and grain of wood. They are often used as wood finishes, sealers, or primers, and their compatibility with various finishes makes them a popular choice for woodworking and restoration projects.
Shellac is a natural resin secreted by the lac bug (Kerria lacca) found in Southeast Asia and India. It is harvested, processed, and refined into a resin that is dissolved in alcohol to create shellac as a finish. Shellac has been used for centuries as a versatile and traditional wood finish. It is often classified as a “spirit varnish” because it is dissolved in alcohol (ethyl or denatured alcohol) to create the liquid finish that is applied to surfaces. The term “spirit” in this context refers to the alcohol solvent used in the solution. When applied, the alcohol evaporates, leaving behind a solid shellac film on the surface.
Spirit varnishes, including shellac, are known for their quick drying time and ease of application. Shellac has been a popular choice for centuries as a wood finish, sealer, or primer, and it is valued for its ability to enhance the natural color and grain of wood. While shellac may not be as durable as some modern synthetic varnishes, it is appreciated for its unique properties, including its compatibility with a wide range of finishes and its excellent adhesion characteristics.