Grinding & Abrasive Machining focuses on material removal processes that use abrasive particles instead of cutting edges. These methods are essential for producing fine finishes, tight tolerances, and precise shapes—often in applications where traditional machining would be too rough or inaccurate. This section introduces the types of grinding machines, common abrasives, and how grinding differs from other processes in terms of tool wear, heat generation, and material behavior. These operations are widely used in manufacturing for sharpening tools, finishing hardened surfaces, and producing precision components in fields such as aerospace, automotive, and tooling.